Web-oriented architecture (WOA) is a substyle of service-oriented architecture (SOA) that leverages Web architecture. It emphasizes the generality of interfaces (user interfaces and APIs) via five fundamental generic interface constraints: resource identification (e.g., uniform resource identifier (URI)), manipulation of resources through representations (e.g., HTTP), self-descriptive messages (e.g., Multipurpose Internet Messaging Extensions (MIME) types), hypermedia as the engine of application state (e.g., links) and application neutrality.