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turbidity current

A density current in water, air, or other fluid, caused by different amounts of matter in suspension, such as a dry-snow avalanche or a descending cloud of volcanic dust; specif. a bottom-flowing current laden with suspended sediment, moving swiftly (under the influence of gravity) down a subaqueous slope and spreading horizontally on the floor of the body of water, having been set and/or maintained in motion by locally churned- or stirred-up sediment that gives the water a density greater than that of the surrounding or overlying clear water. Such currents are known to occur in lakes, and are believed to have produced the submarine canyons notching the continental slope. They appear to originate in various ways, such as by storm waves, tsunamis, earthquake-induced sliding, tectonic movement, oversupply of sediment, and heavily charged rivers in spate with densities exceeding that of sea-water. The term is applied to a current due to turbidity, not to one showing that property.

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