The Torchwood Institute, or simply Torchwood, is an organisation founded by Queen Victoria in 1879 to protect the British Empire from alien threats and acquire alien technology, in addition to capture the Doctor. Its main branch, Torchwood One, was located in London, but after its destruction in the Battle of Canary Wharf, the headquarters were relocated to Torchwood Three, in Cardiff, under the command of Jack Harkness. Torchwood lost several bases in the late 2000s due to various crisis, and by 2010, it became defunct. There was revival of the Torchwood team in 2011 in the wake of Miracle Day, but they disbanded shortly afterwards.